辽宁省大连市人民政府


大连市客运出租汽车治安管理规定
大连市人民政府



第一条 为加强客运出租汽车的治安管理，维护社会治安秩序，保护客运出租汽车经营者、驾驶员和乘客的人身和财产安全，根据《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》及有关规定，制定本规定。
第二条 凡在大连市行政区域内从事客运出租汽车营运的经营者（含单位和个人，下同）、出租汽车驾驶员及乘客，均应遵守本规定。
第三条 大连市公安局是本行政区域内客运出租汽车行业治安管理的主管部门，市公安局城市管理分局具体负责中山区、西岗区、沙河口区、甘井子区、旅顺口区的客运出租汽车的治安管理工作。县（市）以及金州区、经济技术开发区、金石滩国家旅游度假区的客运出租汽车治安管理
工作由当地公安机关负责。
第四条 公安机关应严格履行职责，依法保障客运出租汽车经营者、驾驶员和乘客的合法权益。
客运出租汽车的管理部门应协助公安机关做好客运出租汽车的治安管理工作。
客运出租汽车的经营者、驾驶员及乘客，应增强自我保护意识，落实治安防范措施，积极配合公安机关做好客运出租汽车的治安管理，并自觉接受公安机关的监督检查。
第五条 客运出租汽车的经营者经有关部门批准并领取《准运证》、《道路运输证》后，应到公安机关办理客运出租汽车治安管理许可证。治安管理许可证的收费管理，按《大连市行政事业性收费管理办法》执行。
本规定发布前已经营运的客运出租汽车应从本规定发布之日起两个月内到公安机关补办有关手续。
客运出租汽车经营者需增、减营运车辆、停业、歇业、复业或变更名称、迁移地址以及更改车型和改变车辆颜色的，应在有关部门批准十五日内，持有关批准证件到公安机关办理变更备案手续。
第六条 客运出租汽车经营者聘用驾驶员，在领取《出租汽车准驾证》后，应到公安机关备案。
第七条 客运出租汽车座位定员在五人以下（含五人）的，应安装经公安机关鉴定合格的报警装置和防盗锁。
第八条 客运出租汽车车窗玻璃禁止粘贴太阳纸、反光膜和悬挂窗帘等遮挡物。
第九条 公安机关应在出市口设置治安检查站，对出市的客运出租汽车进行检查登记。
第十条 经营客运出租汽车的单位和出租汽车联队，应加强对从业人员的管理和治安防范教育，落实治安保卫工作责任制，设立治安保卫组织或专职治保人员，建立健全各项治安保卫管理制度，采取有效措施做好治安防范工作。
第十一条 从事客运出租汽车营运的经营者和出租汽车驾驶员应遵守下列规定：
㈠遵守法律、法规、规章的有关规定，服从公安机关的治安管理和监督检查；
㈡营运时携带客运出租汽车治安管理许可证；
㈢按规定安装和正确使用报警、防盗装置；
㈣发现乘客遗留的财物不能归还失主时，应及时送交所在单位、主管部门或公安机关；
㈤发现可疑物品、可疑人员及违法活动应立即向公安机关报告；
㈥妥善保管车辆，不营运时应停放在安全场所；
㈦营运中出市、县（区）时，应向本单位报告，并到公安机关设置的治安检查站接受检查登记。
第十二条 客运出租汽车驾驶员严禁下列行为：
㈠涂改、伪造、出租、转卖、转借出租汽车治安管理许可证；
㈡强行招揽乘客、敲诈乘客财物、侮辱乘客；
㈢隐匿乘客遗失的物品；
㈣利用出租汽车运载赃物、违禁品或进行其他违法活动。
第十三条 乘客乘车时，应文明礼貌、遵纪守法，并妥善保管随身携带的财物，乘车出市时，应携带居民身份证或其他合法证明。
第十四条 公安机关应定期对出租汽车企业和从业人员进行安全防范检查，发现隐患及时向被检查单位和个人发出《治安隐患整改通知书》限期整改。被检查单位或个人应在规定的期限内将整改情况报告公安机关。
第十五条 出租汽车经营者或驾驶员违反本规定有下列情形之一的，由公安机关根据情节轻重予以处罚：
㈠未办理客运出租汽车治安管理许可证的，责令限期办理，并处3000元以下罚款；
㈡未按照本规定办理变更手续的、聘用驾驶员未到公安机关备案或不携带客运出租汽车治安管理许可证营运的，处500元以下罚款；
㈢不按规定安装报警装置、防盗锁或者安装后擅自拆除的，处2000元以下罚款；
㈣在车窗玻璃上粘贴太阳纸、反光膜及悬挂窗帘等遮挡物的，处500元以下罚款；
㈤明知是赃物和违禁品而运载的，处1000元以下罚款，并吊扣客运出租汽车治安管理许可证1至3个月；
㈥强行揽客、敲诈乘客财物、侮辱乘客的，处500元以下罚款；
㈦对乘客遗留财物故意匿藏不返还的，处2000元以下罚款；
㈧接到《治安隐患整改通知书》后逾期不改的，处5000元以下罚款；
㈨涂改、伪造、出租、转卖、转借客运出租汽车治安管理许可证的，除没收非法所得外，处2000元以下罚款，造成严重后果的，吊销客运出租汽车治安管理许可证。
第十六条 公安机关实施行政处罚，应下达处罚通知书；实施罚款处罚应使用财政部门统一制发的罚款票据，罚款全部上交财政。
第十七条 违反本规定构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》的规定处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第十八条 当事人对行政处罚不服的，可依照国务院《行政复议条例》和《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的规定申请复议或提起行政诉讼。
第十九条 公安人员在执行公务时应出示行业管理纠察证，并要严守法纪，秉公执法。对滥用职权，徇私舞弊的，由公安机关按照有关规定予以查处。
第二十条 本规定由大连市公安局负责解释。
第二十一条 本规定自发布之日起施行。




1996年4月3日
The Similar And Different Regulations
On Industrial Designs
Between China And Canada
He Zijing

Abstract:
With China entering WTO, more and more Chinese industrial designers want to apply internationally to register their designs outside China. This paper shows you the detailed comparison about regulations concerning industrial designs between China and Canada, gives some suggestions about the process to register internationally to protect Chinese applier. Some hints imposed on the difference between the two countries will help to improve our patent law.
KEYWORDS:
Industrial design, China, Canada
1. General introduction on industrial designs
1.1 What is an industrial design?
1.1.1 Of WIPO
An industrial design is the ornamental of aesthetic aspect of an article. The design may consist of three-dimensional features, such as the shape or surface of an article, or of two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color. Industrial designs are applied to a wide variety of products of industry and handicraft. To be protected under most national laws, an industrial design must appeal to the eye. This means that an industrial design is primarily of an aesthetic nature, and does not protect any technical features of the article to which it is applied.
1.1.2 Of CHINA
Design in the Patent Law means any new design of the shape, the pattern or their combination, or the combination of the color with shape or pattern, of a product with creates an aesthetic feeling and it fits for industrial application.
1.1.3 Of CANADA
Design of industrial design means features of shape, configuration, pattern or ornament and any combination of those features that, in a finished article, appeal to and are judged solely by the eye.
1.2 Other forms of Intellectual Property
In China, Intellectual property can be generally classified as patent, copyright, trademark. Patents, or in other words, inventions-creations, mean inventions, utility models and designs. So that the designs are one of the subdivisions of patents.
Whereas, in Canada, in addition to industrial designs, there other forms of intellectual property, as patents, copyrights, and integrated circuit topographies. Hereby, patents cover new inventions (process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter), or any new and useful improvement of an existing invention. So that industrial designs have the equal statues to patents, as one of the subdivisions of intellectual property.
1.3 Why protect industrial designs?
Industrial designs are what make an article attractive and appealing; hence, they add to the commercial value of a product and increase its marketability.
When an industrial design is protected, the owner-the person or entity that has registered the design-is assured an exclusive right against unauthorized copying or imitation of the design by third parties. This helps to ensure a fair return on investment. An effective system of protection also benefits consumers and the public at large, by promoting fair competition and honest trade practices, encouraging creativity, and promoting more aesthetically attractive product.
Protecting industrial designs helps economic development, by encouraging creativity in the industrial and manufacturing sectors, as well as in the traditional arts and crafts. They contribute to the expansion of commercial activities and the export of national products.
Industrial designs can be relatively simple and inexpensive to develop and protect. They are reasonably accessible to small and medium-sized enterprises as well as to individual artists and craftsmen, in both industrialized and developing countries.
1.4 How can industrial designs be protected?
In most countries, an industrial design must be registered in order to be protected under Industrial Design Law. As for China, the regulations on design are under the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its implementing regulations; As for Canada, The Industrial Design Act and Industrial Design Regulations details the regulations that govern design rights. As a general rule, to be registerable, the design must be “new” or “original”. Different countries have varying definitions of such terms, as well as variations in the registration process itself. Generally, “new” means that no identical or very similar design is known to have existed before.
Depending on the particular national law and the kind of design, an industrial design may also be protected as a work of art under copyright.
2.The main difference concerning registration
2.1 When to file an application
There is no time limit for filing an application as long as the design had never been published. The term “published” means that the design has been made public (even to your neighbors) or offered for commercial sale or use anywhere in the world. It is best to file an quickly as possible if publication has occurred.
In china, an design application does not lose its novelty where, within six months before the date of filing, one of the following events occurred: [1] where it was first exhibited at an international exhibition sponsored of recognized by the Chinese Government;[2]where it was first made public at a prescribed academic or technological meeting;[3]when it was disclosed by any person without the consent of the applicant.
In Canada, the design shall be refused to be registered if the application is filed more than one year after the publication of the design in Canada of somewhere.
2.2 who can apply?
Only the proprietor of a design may apply for and obtain registration for an industrial design both in China and Canada, while there exists little difference between the two countries on the question that who can be defined as proprietor.[1] usually you are considered the proprietor if you have created the design;[2] if you work together with other person to creat a design, you should file for registration as joint proprietors ( unless you are all working under contract or commission );[3] if you have acquired ownership of a design, then you may apply;[4] if you are employee of a company and develop design as part of your employment, then the employer may be the proprietor. In that case, only the employer may apply in Canada; while in china, the entity and the inventor or creator may enter into a contract in which the right to apply for and own the exclusive right is provided for;[5] if you have been hired under contract to develop design for someone else, then that person is the proprietor and is the only one entitled to apply for registration in Canada; whereas in that case in China, the right to apply for registration belongs, unless otherwise agreed upon, to the entity or individual that made the design.
2.3 What requirements to make designs registerable?
In Canada, the minister shall register the design if the minister finds that it is not identical with or dose not so closely resemble any other design already registered as to be confounded therewith, and shall return to the proprietor thereof the drawing or photograph and description with the certificate required.
In China, any design for which patent fight may be granted must not be identical with and similar to any design which, before the date of falling has been publicly disclosed in publications in the country or abroad or has been publicly used in the country, and must not be in conflict with any prior right of any other person.
2.4 What you cannot register?
In Canada, you cannot register the following under the Industrial Design Act: [1] Designs that are utilitarian only and which are not intended to provide visual appeal; [2] Designs that have no fixed appearance; [3] Designs for components that are not clearly visible; [4] a method of construction; [5] an idea; [6] materials used in the construction of an article; [7] the useful function of the article; or [8] color.
In China, for any of the following, no patent right shall be granted: [1] scientific discoveries;[2] rules and methods for mental activities;[3] methods for diagnoses or for the treatment for the diseases;[4] animal and plant varieties;[5] substances obtained by means of nuclear transformation.
From the above regulations, we can see that the Chinese regulations is more generic for all of the three types of creation-inventions; and the Canadian’s is more special in detail on designs. So we should absorb some of them in our implementing regulations of patent law.
2.5 searching of office record prior to filing an application
Prior to filing an application, you may wish to conduct a search of office records in order to better determine whether your design is truly new and original. This will give you the opportunity to see other registered designs. You should also keep your design confidential.
2.6 How long the process takes?
In Canada, the Office dose not register any design until six months after the date of filing. Normally it takes between eight and twelve months to have your application examined. While in china, there is no such kind of provisions concerning the term of process of designs.
2.7 Duration of protection
Both in the two countries, duration of protection of industrial designs is for ten-year term, while the beginning date is quite different. In Canada, it is the date of registration-usually six months after the date of filing; in china, it is the date of filing. Once the ten-year term has expired, anyone is free to make, import, rent or sell etc., the designs.
2.8 Extension of protection
In Canada, your application must include a description which identifies the features that constitute the design since the court may use your description to help determine the limits of protection for your design, you should word your description with care and precision. If your description is too broad, you may over-extend the scope of the design, and it may be impossible to enforce. If it is too narrow, you may limit the scope of the design or leave out features that you intended to protect.